法国和西班牙的教堂 Churches in France and Spain

法国和西班牙的教堂 Churches in France and Spain

I. 法国的教堂 Churches in France

 

1. 巴黎圣母院 Notre Dame de Paris

                                  

2. 巴黎的其他教堂 Other churches in Paris

      

    

3. 枫丹白露-巴比松的小教堂 Chapel in Fontainebleauj-Barbizon

 

II. 西班牙的教堂 Churches in Spain

西班牙巴塞罗那圣家堂—全称神圣家族赎罪圣殿,因此主要靠个人捐款,始建于1882年,由安东尼·高迪接替原设计师,毕其一生致力设计直至车祸去世。捐款影响工程进度,所以至今仍在修建中。建筑风格属于新艺术运动,设计使用自然色彩,以动植物、山脉洞穴等为灵感,展现《圣经》场景,分为诞生立面,受难立面和在建的荣耀立面,还有十八座高塔。整个设计没有直线和平面,只有螺旋、锥形、双曲线、抛物线,高迪曾说:“直线属于人类,而曲线归于上帝。”

The Sanctuary of Barcelona, Spain – the full name is known as the Atonement Sanctuary of the Holy Family, was built in 1882 with personal donations. Anthony Gaudi continued the original designer and devoted his life to the design until he died in a car accident. Donations affect the progress of the project, so it is still under construction. Architectural style is of the Art Nouveau movement. The design utilized natural colors, inspired by plants and animals, mountains and caves, and so on, to present “Biblical” scenes, which are divided into birth facades, suffering facades and glorious facades under construction,  as well as eighteen towers. The whole design has no straight line and plane, only spiral, cone, hyperbola and parabola. Gaudi once said: “The straight line belongs to mankind, and the curve belongs to God.”

    

中国古代文人赏石玩石讲究“瘦、漏、透、皱、清、丑、顽、拙、奇、秀、险、幽”,特别是“瘦、漏、透、皱、丑”更是奇石的突出特征,而巴塞罗那圣家堂建筑似乎较之中国苏州园林中的太湖石更为甚,堪称““瘦、漏、透、皱、丑”风格之最,难道不是吗?

Ancient Chinese scholars enjoyed very much  “thin, leaky, penetrating, wrinkled, clear, ugly, stubborn, clumsy, strange, beautiful, dangerous, quiet” stones, especially “thin, leaky, penetrating, wrinkled, ugly” is the outstanding feature of strange stones, and Barcelona Sanctuary building seems to be more than the Taihu Stone in Chinese Suzhou gardens, which can be called the most “thin, leaky, penetrating, wrinkled, ugly” style. Isn’t it?

      

至今仍在修建中的圣家堂更应该是永远在修建的永恒的缺憾美:圣家堂的修建开始时并没有高迪身影,而尚未竣工高迪却在被葬在了圣家堂地下墓室。

The Holy Family Church, which is still under construction, should be the eternal beauty of imperfection: the building of the Holy Family Church started without Gaudi’s presence, but when the Church was unfinished, Gaudi was buried in the catacombs of the Holy Family Church.